MOTS-c and SS-31 are both studied in mitochondrial research, but they are very different molecules with different targets. This guide compares them. Both are research-use-only compounds — not approved for human use.
- MOTS-c: a mitochondrial-derived peptide that signals to the wider cell.
- SS-31: a synthetic peptide that targets the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- Different roles: one is a signaling molecule, the other a membrane-targeting agent.
- Status: neither is FDA-approved; research use only.
Side-by-side
| MOTS-c | SS-31 | |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Mitochondrial-derived peptide (16 aa) | Synthetic tetrapeptide (4 aa) |
| Origin | Encoded by mitochondrial DNA | Engineered (Szeto-Schiller) |
| Target / focus | AMPK pathway, metabolism | Cardiolipin, inner membrane |
| Studied as | An “exercise mimetic” signal | A mitochondria-targeting agent |
How they differ
MOTS-c is a naturally occurring signaling peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA and studied for its effects on the AMPK pathway and metabolism. SS-31 is a small engineered peptide that concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane by binding cardiolipin. In short: MOTS-c is studied as a signal, SS-31 as a membrane-targeting agent.
Related materials
Both are often grouped with the coenzyme NAD+ in mitochondrial and metabolic research. New to the category? See What Are Research Peptides?
Storage & handling
Both are supplied lyophilized. Keep cold and dark, reconstitute only when needed for research, and limit freeze–thaw cycles. See how to reconstitute lyophilized peptides.
Research status
MOTS-c is not approved for human use; SS-31 (elamipretide) is investigational and also not approved. Material sold here is research-grade and for laboratory use only.
Browse mitochondrial research compounds
Lab-tested, with third-party purity verification.